Food stamp families to critics: Walk in our shoes

Some have advanced degrees and remember middle-class lives. Some work selling lingerie or building websites. They are white, black and Hispanic, young and old, homeowners and homeless. What they have in common: They're all on food stamps.

As the food stamp program has become an issue in the Republican presidential primary and was a hot topic at the candidates’ debate in Myrtle Beach last week, with candidates seeking to tie President Obama to the program's record numbers, The Associated Press interviewed recipients across the country and found many who wished that critics would spend some time in their shoes.

Most said they never expected to need food stamps, but the Great Recession, which wiped out millions of jobs, left them no choice. Some struggled with the idea of taking a handout; others saw it as their due, earned through years of working steady jobs. They yearn to get back to receiving a paycheck that will make food stamps unnecessary.

“I could never have comprehended being on food stamps,” said Christopher Jenks, who became homeless in his hometown of Minneapolis-St. Paul after a successful career in sales and marketing.

He refused to apply for several years, even panhandling on a freeway exit ramp before finally giving in. A few months ago, while living in his car, he began receiving $200 per month.

“It's either that or I die,” said Jenks, who grew up in a white, middle-class family and lost his job in the recession. “I want a job. So do a lot of other Americans that have been caught up in this tragedy.”

In 2011, more than 45 million people – about one in seven Americans – received benefits from the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, the most ever. Fewer than 31 million people collected the benefits about three years earlier.

Forty-nine percent of recipients are white, 26 percent are black and 20 percent are Hispanic, according to Census data.

Food assistance emerged as a campaign issue after statements by GOP candidates Newt Gingrich and Rick Santorum about African-Americans, the poor and Obama, whom Gingrich labeled the “best food stamp president in American history.”

Critics accused Gingrich of seeking votes by invoking racial stereotypes about black welfare recipients with comments like “the African-American community should demand paychecks and not be satisfied with food stamps.” Challenged at a GOP debate this week on whether the rhetoric was insulting, Gingrich insisted it was not and received a standing ovation from the Myrtle Beach audience.

Linda Miles is grateful to have food stamps, although she's not happy about why she needs them. An Army veteran with a master's degree, Miles, who is black, was laid off as a substitute teacher in Philadelphia amid deep budget cuts. After facing an empty refrigerator for too long, she recently started receiving $200 per month in food aid.

“Food stamps are essential, especially with the economy in the shape it's in,” she said. “I pay taxes. I don't steal anything from the government. I paid my dues to society; I'm a veteran. You took something from me by taking away my job. I wouldn't need food stamps if you hadn't taken my job.”

Miles started an unpaid internship this week, and also was certified to work in early childhood care while she looks for a permanent job.

“I'm not one of these people who sit on their butt and just collect a check,” Miles said. “I've got a resume three pages long.”

Ronnie McHugh was watching the GOP debate from home in Spring City, Pa. When Gingrich received the standing ovation, McHugh got so angry that she turned off the TV.

“I'd give a million dollars if I could find a job. I'm 64 years old, and no one wants to hire me,” said McHugh, who is white, divorced, has no savings and lives off $810 per month in Social Security.

“I would like them to sit in my shoes,” she said of the debate audience. “I would tell them I had a husband who made $150,000 a year, I had a good salary. We were both laid off at the same time by the same company, and I've never been able to rally from that.”

“If they had a chance to sit in my shoes, they would be happy to have a program to help people who did work all their life.”

Some critics say the Obama administration's policies have pushed people into dependency on food stamps. Eligibility rules were broadened in 2002 and 2008 before Obama took office; his 2009 stimulus package relaxed some work requirements and temporarily increased payouts.

For others, the recession, which pushed the unemployment rate as high as 10 percent and increased poverty, is the primary culprit.

The Greater Philadelphia Coalition Against Hunger has seen a doubling of enrollments in suburban counties, with a smaller increase in the city itself. “These are much higher-income areas,” said Julie Zaebst, the coalition's policy center manager. “This is part of the evidence showing that the most important reason for the growth in the program was the recession.”